Regardless of whether land plots are regulated pursuant to the general rule of Article 17(1) of the Spatial Development Act (SDA), i.e. along existing property boundaries, or whether the possibilities for their regulation under the rules of Article 16 of the SDA are applied, or whether the boundaries between them are altered by mutual consent of the directly affected neighboring owners through an amendment to the effective Detailed Spatial Plan (DSP) in accordance with Article 15(3), (4) and (5) of the SDA, the Spatial Development Act lays down general requirements that regulated land plots must meet. These requirements concern both the determination of the boundaries of the regulated land plots, including frontage and area (surface), as well as the conditions for their development. There is a mutual interrelation and interdependence between the requirements for frontage and area of regulated land plots and their specific designated use. These general rules are set out in Articles 18 and 19 of the SDA.
Article 18 (1) For land plots regulated for development by a Detailed Spatial Plan, the following shall be determined:
– the specific designated use, permitted activities and permitted development;
– the maximum building density;
– the maximum development intensity (floor area ratio);
– the minimum free yard area;
– the minimum mandatory landscaped yard area;
– the manner and character of development;
– the building lines.
(2) Certain types of detailed spatial plans may contain only part of the indicators referred to in paragraph (1).
Article 19 (1) When regulating land plots for low-rise residential development, whether detached or semi-detached in two plots, the following minimum dimensions shall be observed:
– in cities – at least 14 m frontage and 300 sq.m area;
– in resort settlements and settlement formations, as well as in resort zones of settlements – at least 16 m frontage and 500 sq.m area;
– in villa zones – at least 18 m frontage and 600 sq.m area;
– in villages or parts thereof with predominantly flat terrain – at least 16 m frontage and 500 sq.m area, and under specific terrain and economic conditions, as well as along main streets – at least 14 m frontage and 300 sq.m area;
– in villages or parts thereof with predominantly steep terrain – at least 12 m frontage and 250 sq.m area.
(2) Villages or parts thereof with predominantly flat or steep terrain shall be determined by a decision of the Municipal Council, based on an opinion of the Municipal Expert Council.
Depending on the specific designated use of the regulated land plot as determined by the Detailed Spatial Plan, the following are defined:
– the development regime, the permitted activities, and the envisaged development;
– the development indicators: building density, floor area ratio (intensity), and the minimum free and minimum landscaped yard area;
– the manner and character of development and the building lines (which determine the positioning of buildings within the regulated land plot), as established by the development plan.
The indicators for planning and development of regulated land plots and the method for their determination are set out in Ordinance No. 7 of 2003 on the Rules and Standards for Spatial Development of the Various Types of Territories and Development Zones. It should be noted that the indicators for building density and development intensity may also be determined collectively for an urban block, development territory or zone, as well as for parts thereof. In such cases, the rules and standards for the implementation of the Detailed Spatial Plan, prepared simultaneously with it and forming an integral part thereof, specify the rules for determining these indicators for the individual regulated land plots.