Boundaries of a Land Plot and of a Regulated Land Plot (RLP)

The Cadastre and Property Register Act (CPRA) introduced the term “land plot.” Under this Act, a land plot is a part of the Earth’s surface, including areas permanently covered by water, defined by boundaries in accordance with ownership rights. Within the meaning of the CPRA, land plots also include parcels for which the yard regulation plan has been implemented.

Pursuant to the Spatial Development Act (SDA), a regulated land plot is a land plot for which a Detailed Spatial Plan has determined boundaries, access from a street, road or alley, a specific designated use, and a development regime.

A defining characteristic of a regulated land plot is its boundaries, established in accordance with the rules set out in the SDA. The boundaries of a regulated land plot (RLP), delineated by internal and street regulation lines, are decisive for the possibility of its independent development and for the proper positioning of buildings within it, including the determination of distances between buildings and the boundaries of the regulated land plot (to the side boundary, to the rear boundary of the regulated land plot), as well as across the street.

It is necessary to distinguish between the boundaries of land plots as shown on the cadastral map and the boundaries of regulated land plots (internal and street regulation lines) as determined by the regulation and development plan. The boundaries of land plots reflected in the cadastral map represent the boundaries of ownership rights. In the legal definition of a regulated land plot, the term “boundaries” refers to the street regulation lines and the internal regulation lines through which land plots are “regulated” for development or for another designated use, without development.

Internal regulation lines may not coincide with property boundaries under the conditions of Article 15(3) and Article 17(3) of the SDA, while street regulation lines may not coincide with the property boundary where it is necessary for a part of the land plot to be expropriated for the construction of new streets or for the widening of existing streets.

When land plots are regulated pursuant to the provisions of Article 17 of the SDA, their internal regulation lines coincide with the property boundaries as established in the cadastral base—the cadastral map or cadastral plan. In such cases, the boundaries of the land plots and the regulation lines under the regulation plan coincide; in other words, the boundaries of ownership rights as established in the cadastral map are also the boundaries of the regulated land plots.